Articles in the Monetary Policy Reports

Date Header
Monetary Policy Report December 2016: Article: The impact of the exchange rate on inflation 169 kB
Monetary Policy Report October 2016: Article: The relationship between resource utilisation and inflation 190 kB
Monetary Policy Report September 2016: Article: Ahead of 2017’s wage bargaining rounds 177 kB
Monetary Policy Report July 2016: Article: The result of the United Kingdom referendum on the EU creates uncertainty 137 kB
Monetary Policy Report July 2016: Article: Perspectives on the negative repo rate 200 kB
Monetary Policy Report April 2016: Article: Resource utilisation on the labour market is roughly normal, but the assessment is uncertain 201 kB
Monetary Policy Report April 2016: Article: A broader picture of price development in Sweden 203 kB
Monetary Policy Report April 2016: Article: How do low and negative interest rates affect banks’ profitability? 234 kB
Monetary Policy Report February 2016: Article: Why have commodity prices fallen and what will the consequences be? 2 MB
Monetary Policy Report February 2016: Article: What do inflation expectations tell us? 2 MB
Monetary Policy Report February 2016: Scenario: Risks inherent in a rapid appreciation of the krona in a low inflation environment 43 kB
Monetary Policy Report December 2015: Article: Uncertain effects of increased immigration on the labour market 52 kB
Monetary Policy Report December 2015: Scenario: Refugee immigration is deemed to have only minor effects on monetary policy in the near future 52 kB
Monetary Policy Report October 2015: Migration – opportunity and challenge 67 kB
Monetary Policy Report September 2015: Conditions for the 2016 wage bargaining round 58 kB
Monetary Policy Report July 2015: Increased uncertainty over the situation in Greece 44 kB
Monetary Policy Report July 2015: The Riksbank's measures in 2015 have had an effect 88 kB
Monetary Policy Report July 2015: Why is it important that inflation rises towards the target? 48 kB
Monetary Policy Report April 2015: Is private investment low, and if so, why? 1 MB
Monetary Policy Report April 2015: A monetary policy for effective wage formation 1 MB
Monetary Policy Report April 2015: Rapid strengthening of the krona 1 MB
Monetary Policy Report February 2015: Digitisation and inflation 101 kB
Monetary Policy Report February 2015: Low inflation – not just a Swedish phenomenon
Monetary Policy Report February 2015: The Riksbank's complementary monetary policy measures 176 kB
Monetary Policy Report February 2015: Effects of the falling oil price on the global economy 108 kB
Monetary Policy Report October 2014: Households' sensitivity to interest rates 138 kB
Monetary Policy Report October 2014: Low global interest rates 166 kB
Monetary Policy Report October 2014: Revisions to the National Accounts 67 kB
Monetary Policy Report October 2014: Monetary policy when the policy rate is close to zero 50 kB
Monetary Policy Report July 2014: Why is inflation low? 172 kB
Monetary Policy Report July 2014: The interplay between wage formation, monetary policy and inflation 84 kB
Monetary Policy Report July 2014: Stricter capital requirements for Swedish banks – effects on the macroeconomy 117 kB
Monetary Policy Report February 2014: Perspectives on the low rate of inflation 147 kB
Monetary Policy Report February 2014: Adjustments in the euro area: an update 163 kB
Monetary Policy Report February 2014: The effects of monetary policy on household debt 119 kB
Macroprudential policy and monetary policy (October 2013) 89 kB
Perspectives on labour market developments in Sweden (October 2013) 118 kB
Expected tapering of the Federal Reserve's asset purchases (October 2013) 165 kB
A long-term perspective on the krona (July 2013) 133 kB
Cost developments and inflation (July 2013) 182 kB
Financial imbalances in the monetary policy assessment (July 2013) 160 kB
Perspectives on monetary policy expectations and forward rates (februari 2013) 169 kB
The household balance sheet and the macroeconomic assessment (februari 2013) 160 kB
Severe fiscal tightening avoided in the United States (februari 2013) 83 kB
Has the functioning of the labour market changed? (October 2012) 253 kB
The economic situation remains uncertain ahead of collective bargaining in 2013 (October 2012) 175 kB
New measures to manage the crisis in the euro area (October 2012) 103 kB
KIX index better reflects Sweden’s international dependence (October 2012) 146 kB
Why has inflation been lower in Sweden than in the euro area? (2012) 192 kB
Long-run developments in the Swedish labour market (July 2012) 214 kB
The debt crisis in Europe –developments during the spring (July 2012) 287 kB
The relationship between the repo rate and interest rates for households and companies (February 2012) 184 kB
The emerging economies and Sweden’s exports (February 2012) 191 kB
The EMU and the debt crisis (February 2012) 696 kB
Similarities and differences between the current situation and 2008-2009 (October 2011) 124 kB
New round of collective bargaining in an uncertain economic climate (October 2011) 124 kB
The debt crisis in Europé (October 2011) 310 kB
The sustainable development of public debt? (July 2011) 362 kB
Low unemployment – a challenge (July 2011) 610 kB
Recent developments in inflation expectations (July 2011) 444 kB
The effects of the financial crisis on the labour market – a comparison of Sweden, the euro area and the United States (February 2011) 647 kB
Lower policy rates in Sweden and abroad (February 2011) 330 kB
How does the Riksbank make forecasts for long-term market rates? (February 2011) 198 kB
The effects of Basel III on macroeconomic development (February 2011) 108 kB
October 2010: Why higher growth in Sweden than in the eurozone and the United States? 413 kB
October 2010: Basel III - tougher rules for banks 43 kB
October 2010: The repo rate path and monetary policy expectations according to implied forward rates 306 kB
October 2010: The driving forces behind trends in the economy can be analysed using a production function 268 kB
July 2010: Great need to strengthen public finances 150 kB
July 2010: Effects of a fall in housing prices 138 kB
July 2010: What form does the recovery of productivity usually take? 179 kB
July 2010: The CPI and measures of underlying inflation 188 kB
February 2010: This year’s wage bargaining is expected to result in low wage rises 79 kB
February 2010: What is a normal level for the repo rate? 188 kB
October 2009: Evaluating different monetary policy alternatives 79 kB
October 2009: Unconventional measures and the risk of inflation 79 kB
October 2009: Exit strategies for unconventional measures 48 kB
October 2009: House prices in Sweden 174 kB
July 2009: Monetary policy when the interest rate is close to zero 110 kB
July 2009: Differences in fi nancial structure and crisis measures in various countries 76 kB
July 2009 Global imbalances, saving and demand in the wake of the crisis 169 kB
July 2009: The Riksbank’s company interviews in May 2009 69 kB
February 2009 The Riksbanks´s company interviews in December 2008-January 2009 43 kB
February 2009 The recent weakening of the krona 421 kB
February 2009 The financial crisis and the effects of monetary policy 83 kB
February 2009 Monetary policy alternatives in times of financial crisis and concern over deflation 121 kB
2008:3 The development of the financial crisis in September and October 38 kB
2008:3 Fiscal policy:assumptions and forecasts 69 kB
2008:3 The Riksbank’s company survey: rapid slowdown and widespread pessimism 71 kB
2008:2 How are measures of underlying inflation used in monetary policy analysis? 108 kB
2008:2 The development of the real interest rate 118 kB
2008:2 The rate of increase in the CPIX will be below the CPI for a long time 145 kB
2008:2 The Riksbank’s company survey: economic activity slowing down and costs rising 77 kB
2008:1 Energy prices and Swedish inflation 93 kB
2008:1 Rising food prices 119 kB
2008:1 The Riksbank’s company survey: a minor slowdown during the autumn and increased concern over economic activity 38 kB
2007:3 Some lessons learned from earlier financial crises 2 MB
2007:3 Households’ inflation expectations 251 kB
2007:3 The Riksbank’s company survey 131 kB
2007:2 Wage bargaining round indicateshigher rates of wage increase 146 kB
2007:2 Productivity drivers 477 kB
2007:2 The matching of supply and demand in the labour market 373 kB
2007:2 The effects of the abolition of property tax on housing prices and inflation 141 kB
2007:1 Riksbank to publish its own forecast for the repo rate 2 MB
2007:1 Calculation method for uncertainty bands 2 MB
2007:1 RAMSES – a tool for monetary policy analysis 2 MB
2006:3 Monetary policy in Sweden 30 kB
2006:3 Perspectives on the quantity of unutilised resources in the labour market 214 kB
2006:3 The 2007 wage bargaining round 178 kB
2006:3 Inflation indicators 80 kB
2006:2 Monetary policy in Sweden 30 kB
2006:2 What is a normal level for the repo rate 80 kB
2006:2 Resource utilisation, costs and inflation 170 kB
2006:1 The path of the krona and infl ation 87 kB
2006:1 Uncertainty regarding future interest rate movements 247 kB
2005:4 The stance of fiscal policy 85 kB
2005:3 GDP indicators 97 kB
2005:3 Households’ consumption, debt and saving 201 kB
2005:3 Forecasts to 2007 under the assumption that the repo rate is held constant for two years 122 kB
2005:2 Future labour market developments – experiences in other countries and the significance of growth composition 345 kB
2005:2 Why are Swedish import prices so low? 374 kB
2005:2 Longer-term forecasts under the assumption that the repo rate evolves in line with implied forward rates 318 kB
2005:1 Recent developments in inflation 185 kB
2005:1 Changes in the Riksbank’s forecasting methods 40 kB
2005:1 Longer-term forecasts under the assumption that the repo rate evolves in line with implied forward rates 123 kB
2004:4 Recent developments in inflation 224 kB
2004:4 The significance of fiscal policy for monetary policy 71 kB
2004:3 Recent developments in inflation 350 kB
2004:3 Development in the longer term 39 kB
2004: 3 Oil prices and monetary policy 247 kB
2004:2 Indicators of resource utilisation 259 kB
2004:2 Recent developments in inflation 207 kB
2004:2 The exchange rate and imported inflation 160 kB
2004:2 Changes in calculation methods for the inflation rate 133 kB
2004:1 Calender effects on production, hours and costs 1 MB
2004:1 Economic activity and the labour market 1 MB
2004:1 Recent developments in inflation 751 kB
2004:1 How persistent is the recent rise in productivity? 968 kB
2003:4 Recent developments in inflation 71 kB
2003:4 Wage negotiations 2004 108 kB
2003:4 Fiscal policy - 1990s, now and in the future 55 kB
2003:3 Deflation - an outline of the problems 91 kB
2003:3 Recent developments in inflation 124 kB
2003:3 Oil prices 1,006 kB
2003:3 The Riksbank´s monetary policy - target and indicators 55 kB
2003:2 Recent developments in inflation 63 kB
2003:1 Recent developments in inflation 72 kB
2003:1 The price of electricity and inflation 151 kB
2003:1 The economic consequences of a military conflict in Iraq 76 kB
2003:1 Forecasting inflation with a rising repo rate 38 kB
2002:4 Recent inflation 354 kB
2002:4 The SEK/EUR exchange rate 237 kB
2002:4 A model for indicating quarterly output changes 47 kB
2002:4 Relative wage developments and effects on wage formation from the cancellation of municipal workers' agreement 72 kB
2002:4 Forecasting inflation with a rising repo rate 36 kB
2002:3 Recent inflation 455 kB
2002:3 Life assurance companies 266 kB
2002:3 Stock markets in the United States 217 kB
2002:3 The house market 157 kB
2002:3 Shortages and matching problems in the labour market? 91 kB
2002:3 Forecasting inflation with a rising repo rate 22 kB
2002:2 Recent inflation 415 kB
2002:2 Has potential growth slackened? 272 kB
2002:2 Hours worked - a decomposition 213 kB
2002:2 Effects of temporarily lower productivity growth 175 kB
2002:2 Wage statistics and the status of agreements in spring 2002 451 kB
2002:2 Forecasting inflation with a rising repo rate 32 kB
2002:1 Recent inflation 786 kB
2002:1 Leading indicators point to a recovery 595 kB
2002:1 Perspectives on a recovery 492 kB
2002:1 Forecasting inflation with a rising repo rate 447 kB
2002:1 Monetary policy and simple rules 247 kB
2001:4 Recent inflation 555 kB
2001:4 Economic policy and inflation 499 kB
2001:4 The introduction of euro notes and coins 346 kB
2001:4 The relationship between growth and inflation 133 kB
2001:4 Forecasting inflation with a rising repo rate 23 kB
2001:3 Exchange rate pass-through 430 kB
2001:3 Price setting by Swedish firms 388 kB
2001:3 Has price flexibility changed? 377 kB
2001:3 Forecasting inflation with a rising repo rate 347 kB
2001:3 The terror attacks in the United States 292 kB
2001:3 The krona´s path 198 kB
2001:2 Recent developments in inflation 32 kB
2001:1 Alternative scenarios for the U.S. economy 457 kB
2001:1 SEK and EUR volatility 93 kB
2001:1 Implicit probability distributions and expected stock-market tendency 50 kB
2001:1 The inflation forecast and monetary policy 66 kB
2000:4 Structural change and price formation 491 kB
2000:4 Problems with the measurement of information technology´s effect on growth in the United States, Sweden and Europe 371 kB
2000:4 Indicator statistics and business cycle turning points: an alternative approach 214 kB
2000:4 Wage agreements and wage trends 151 kB
2000:4 Inflation and costs 55 kB
2000:4 An illustration of inflation forecasting with a rising repo rate 23 kB
2000:3 The CPI compiled with components weighted for standard deviations 494 kB
2000:3 Crude oil price´s impact on prices for petrol and heating oil 314 kB
2000:3 The labour market and resource utilisation 195 kB
2000:3 Demography, capital intensity and labour productivity 184 kB
2000:3 Inflation in Sweden and the euro area 100 kB
2000:3 The concept of a real long-term equilibrium interest rate 65 kB
2000:3 An illustration of inflation forecasting with a rising repo rate 25 kB
2000:2 The oil market´s price expectations 297 kB
2000:2 Potential growth and inflation, an illustrative example 186 kB
2000:2 The cyclical position and factors of production 178 kB
2000:2 An illustration of inflation forecasting with a rising repo rate 70 kB
2000:2 The Riksbank´s forecast 1993-98 61 kB
2000:1 Market repo-rate expectations 296 kB
2000:1 Real interest rate and monetary policy 288 kB
2000:1 Household wealth and private consumption 231 kB
2000:1 Inflation effects of shortening working hours 157 kB
2000:1 An illustration of inflation forecasting with a rising repo rate 71 kB
1999:4 Oil price and inflation in Sweden, with a selection of oil price forecast 315 kB
1999:4 Asset prices 256 kB
1999:4 Current labour market duality and regional imbalances 203 kB
1999:4 Determinants of growth 181 kB
1999:4 Wage formation and the inflation target 138 kB
1999:4 Prices and competition in Sweden´s food sector 117 kB
1999:4 An illustration of inflation forecasting with a rising repo rate 24 kB
1999:3 Prices in the past year and the Riksbank´s forecast 422 kB
1999:3 Effects of a global stock market fall 378 kB
1999:3 Output gap, capacity utilisation and inflation 138 kB
1999:3 An illustration of inflation forecasting with a rising repo rate 87 kB
1999:3 Has the relationship netween the output gap and inflation changed? 69 kB
1999:2 CPI outside lower tolerance limit due to transitory effects 607 kB
1999:2 Monetary policy´s economic impact 597 kB
1999:2 Implied exchange rate probability distributions 576 kB
1999:2 Factors behind the path of inflation 534 kB
1999:2 A new economic era in the United States? Some reflections 506 kB
1999:2 The SEK/EUR exchange rate 489 kB
1999:2 Commodity prices and inflation 426 kB
1999:2 Millenium effects on activity and inflation 380 kB
1999:2 Inflation in the 1990s 322 kB
1999:1 Inflation assessments and monetary policy 302 kB
1999:1 Monetary policy´s economic impact 499 kB
1999:1 Determinanst of inflation 473 kB
1999:1 Overview of ECB´s monetary policy strategy 446 kB
1999:1 Currency option prices as indicators of market expectations 435 kB
1999:1 The fiscal stance 395 kB
1999:1 Transitory effects and other supply shocks: a model approach 361 kB
1998:4 Monetary policy´s economic impact 540 kB
1998:4 Determinants of inflation 501 kB
1998:4 Historical volatility and future path of the krona 477 kB
1998:4 International prices and exchange rates: impact on the CPI 439 kB
1998:4 The construction sector 418 kB
1998:4 The 1998 wage agreements 392 kB
1998:4 Inflation outside the lower tolerance limit 315 kB
1998:4 Inflation assessments and monetary policy 308 kB
1998:3 Raw materials prices and exchange rates 490 kB
1998:3 How is the Swedish economy affected by increasing international competition? 453 kB
1998:3 The krona´s long-term path 421 kB
1998:3 Implied distributions of the OMX index 381 kB
1998:3 Inflation rates close to the lower tolerance limit 296 kB
1998:3 Inflation assessments and monetary policy 283 kB
1998:3 Underlying inflation 592 kB
1998:3 Monetary policy expectations 514 kB
1998:2 Determinants of inflation 414 kB
1998:2 The euro area´s economic importance for Sweden 404 kB
1998:2 Credibility effects in the mid 1990s 393 kB
1998:2 Underlying growth 343 kB
1998:2 Inflation forecast with uncertainty interval 284 kB
1998:2 Inflation rates close to the lower tolerance limit 492 kB
1998:2 Inflation assessments and monetary policy 255 kB
1998:1 House mortgage interest costs 255 kB
1998:1 Effects in Sweden of the crisis in Asia 216 kB
1998:1 Inflation somewhat below the target 203 kB
1997:4 Rented dwellings market 351 kB
1997:4 The stock market and monetary policy 297 kB
1997:4 Productivity, real wages and unemployment 286 kB
1997:4 Households' inflation expectations 219 kB
1997:3 Market and administrative prices in the CPI 292 kB
1997:2 Effects of the output gap on inflation 257 kB
1997:3 Monetary policy and inflation targeting 185 kB
1997:2 Has the inflation process changed? 53 kB
1997:2 New version of the unobserved component method 230 kB
1997:2 Determinants of the exchange rate 209 kB
1997:1 New, harmonised measure of inflation 416 kB
1997:1 Rigidities in the Swedish labour market 399 kB